Source: Black’s Law Dictionary

bail-jumping – the criminal offense of defaulting on one’s bail

bailee – a person who receives personal property from another as a bailment

bailer/bail agent/bail bondsman – one who provides bail as a surety for a criminal defendant’s release

bail bond – a bond given to a court by a criminal defendant’s surety to guarantee that the defendant will duly appear in court in the future and, if the defendant is jailed, to obtain the defendant’s release from confinement

bail commissioner – a judge empowered to hold an emergency hearing to set bail when a hearing cannot be held during regular court hours

excessive bail – bail that is unreasonably high considering both the offense with which the accused is charged and the risk that the accused will not appear for trial

personal recognizance – the release of a defendant in a criminal case in which the court takes the defendant’s word that he or she will appear for a scheduled matter or when told to appear

surety – a person who is primarily liable for the payment of another’s debt or the performance of another’s obligation